Design and principle of operation of a hemodialysis machine

Below are the equipment and materials needed to perform one hemodialysis procedure.

  • Water purification (reverse osmosis is most often used)
  • Pumping station
  • Artificial kidney device (hemodialyzer)
  • Chair/bed for placing patients during the procedure
  • Medical scales

Consumables:

  • A blood line/circuit for carrying the patient's blood from the bloodstream to the dialyzer and from the dialyzer to the bloodstream;
  • Dialyzer (a functional unit of hemodialysis containing a semi-permeable membrane in its structure);
  • 2-lumen permanent and temporary central venous catheters or needles for puncture of arteriovenous fistula/arteriovenous vascular prosthesis;
  • Acetate and bicarbonate (for bicarbonate dialysis) concentrate in a container suitable for collection;
  • Sterile kit (laying) including napkins, swabs, auxiliary instruments;
  • Saline solution (simple, 0.9% sodium chloride) 1500-2000 ml;
  • Aseptic and antiseptic agents;
  • Disposable syringes;
  • Heparin or low molecular weight heparins;
  • Emergency medications and supplies.
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