Bruises under the eyes in children: reasons, how to remove them, characteristics of shades (red, blue, blue, yellow), Komarovsky’s opinion

Causes of bruises under the eyes in children

A number of factors can contribute to the appearance of circles or swollen bruises around the eyes of a child. Disturbed daily routine, lack of sleep and a large amount of time spent at the computer or in front of the TV, poor unbalanced diet and impaired drinking regime are easily correctable causes, the elimination of which not only leads to the disappearance of bruises around the eyes, but also helps to improve the general state of his health. . In some cases, a change in skin color indicates the following pathological disorders:

• helminthiasis (parasitic infection);
• iron deficiency anemia (insufficient levels of iron in the blood);
• kidney disease;
• endocrine diseases;
• diabetes;
• weakening of the immune system.

Genetic predisposition

Sometimes blue circles around the eyes are an appearance trait, a hereditary trait through one of the parents. It is typical for people with fair hair, deep-set eyes, and sensitive, thin skin from birth. Blood vessels that come close to the surface of the skin can also create a bruising effect. These cases should not cause concern; over time, the color of the skin around the eyes may normalize as facial features change due to the growth of the cranial bones.

Violation of the daily routine

Often the child is pale and has bruises under the eyes due to excessive fatigue and a disrupted daily routine. Overwork and chronic lack of sleep occur against the background of increased mental or physical stress, when going to bed and waking up in the morning occur at different times, daytime sleep is not regulated, and time for watching cartoons and computer games is not limited. Normalizing the baby’s sleep, work and rest schedule is the first point that parents should pay attention to if they discover blueness in the child’s lower eyelids.

Poor nutrition

Bruises under the eyes of a teenager or a child of preschool or primary school age can indicate not only increased fatigue, but also metabolic disorders due to an unbalanced diet. Darkening of the skin is caused by low-quality foods, unhealthy dishes with a large number of preservatives, additives (including fast food), calcium deficiency, vitamins B, A, D, E. A blood test helps to identify such malfunctions, after which you need to consult with a specialist to develop a balanced diet, including:

• full breakfasts, lunches and dinners;
• more vitamin-rich vegetables and fruits;
• Having healthy snacks between main meals.

Violation of the water-salt balance can also cause bruises. The lack of fluid in the body is easily eliminated when the child drinks more plain water. The minimum is calculated using the formula “weight * 30”, for example, for a child weighing 25 kg, the minimum amount of liquid drunk per day is 750 ml. It is advisable to completely exclude carbonated sweet drinks, give preference to plain clean water, natural compotes and fruit drinks, and weak tea.

Iron-deficiency anemia

Bruises and bags under the eyes of a child can be a symptom of iron deficiency anemia, especially in infancy (up to a year). A lack of hemoglobin can cause a purple tint to the skin around the eyes, pale skin, weakness and dizziness, and tachycardia. Iron deficiency can be determined using a blood test; a special diet (enhanced nutrition) is recommended as treatment.

Kidney diseases

Pathological processes due to circulatory disorders, malfunctions of the lymphatic and urinary systems can cause blueness in the child’s eyes. The first organ examined is the kidneys - ultrasound, general urine and blood tests are prescribed. Additional signs of kidney disease are morning swelling of the face, the formation of “bags” (edema), pain in the lumbar region, and frequent urination. If this set of symptoms appears, you can consult a nephrologist.

Helminthiasis

Bruises under the eyes of a child may be evidence of a parasitic infection, a consequence of the release of toxic waste products by helminths, their entry into the baby’s blood and the development of general systemic intoxication. In this case, additional symptoms are anemia (low hemoglobin level), changes in appetite (increased or absent), weight loss, headaches, itching in the perineal area. If you suspect helminthiasis, you must take blood and stool tests and consult a doctor to select a parasite removal regimen.

Endocrine pathologies

In addition to kidney disease, bruising can be caused by hormonal disorders and diseases of the endocrine system. Disorders of the functions of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and pancreas provoke disruptions in the production and transport of hormones to the tissues and cells of the body, and changes in their metabolism. If other symptoms (neurological, metabolic or somatic) appear, you need to show the child to an endocrinologist.

Dangerous reasons

Call an ambulance immediately if:

• the child's eyes sunken, blue circles appeared, and his face became drawn;
• he suddenly turned pale and became weak;
• There were chest pains and breathing problems.

The combination of these reasons indicates an acute problem of the cardiovascular system. And only urgent hospitalization can solve this problem.

Another dangerous reason that is worth paying attention to is if, against the background of vomiting or persistent diarrhea, the child develops deep dark circles around the eyes. This is a sign of incipient dehydration. For the youngest children this can be deadly and there is no need to doubt it, there is only one solution, only to the hospital.

Color of dark circles under the eyes

Depending on the skin color of the bruises under the eyes, experts make assumptions about the nature of the disorder and the location of the pathology in the body. The following clinical cases are probable:

• Deep blue skin color may be a symptom of heart problems. It occurs due to oxygen starvation, which develops due to vascular disorders.
• Red, blue-pink and blue shades indicate an allergic reaction.
• Purple bags under the eyes are a symptom of anemia.
• Brown and yellow-brown bruises occur with hepatitis, liver and thyroid diseases.

Injuries and bruises

The area under the eyes may acquire a bluish tint due to injuries and bruises in the area of ​​the eyes, forehead, nose, and bridge of the nose. Blue discoloration in this case occurs due to hemorrhage under the skin in the periorbital area.

If such a situation arises, parents should apply cold to the affected area in the first hours after the child receives an injury or bruise. This will help relieve swelling and reduce the spread of bruises. Heparin ointment also promotes rapid healing and resorption of the hematoma.

If your baby develops bruises under the eyes, you should definitely contact a pediatrician and other pediatric doctors (neurologist, otolaryngologist, gastroenterologist, etc.), who will help determine the exact cause of the blueness in the area around the eyes and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Bruises under the eyes of a baby

In the first year of life, bruises in the eye area of ​​a child may appear against the background of a deficiency of vitamins or iron in the body (for example, with defective breast milk), due to disrupted wakefulness and sleep patterns, against the background of the development of serious systemic disorders and pathologies. It is imperative to undergo a comprehensive examination, identify the causes causing the symptom, and obtain recommendations on nutrition and daily routine from a pediatrician.

Balanced diet

When the baby is born, parents need to regularly go to the doctor with him and get a blood test. A common phenomenon is insufficient hemoglobin levels. This can also occur in a healthy adult. A child is constantly developing and growing, so he needs to receive a sufficient amount of iron from food.

If this does not happen, circles under the eyes will begin to appear and immunity will decrease.

Let's look at the products needed for a child:

1. Pomegranate juice. It contains a large amount of vitamins necessary for the normal development of the baby.
2. Apples, not only fresh, but also baked. They contain iron.
3. Buckwheat. Not all children love it, but at least once a week you need to feed your child this product.
4. Kefir and other fresh dairy products.
5. You should try all seasonal vegetables. If the child does not have an allergic reaction, their number can be increased.

A balanced diet allows your baby to get all the important nutrients and protect him from problems such as puffiness in the eye area.

When immediate medical attention is needed

In extreme cases, which do not happen very often, an acute condition may occur, accompanied by the appearance of dark bruises on the lower eyelids. Emergency medical assistance should be called in the following situations:

• The appearance of bruises is accompanied by breathing problems, severe weakness, and the child’s facial features become sharper. Such symptoms are typical for acute cardiovascular problems; the child may require emergency hospitalization.
• Bruising is preceded by prolonged diarrhea or severe prolonged vomiting. Circles around the eyes in these situations indicate the onset of acute dehydration (dehydration), which is very dangerous for the health of young children.

When dark circles under the eyes of a child appear, parents begin to worry, why did this happen? The kid cannot explain to them what is bothering him. If the child follows a daily routine and eats well, then the cause is a disease and you need to seek help from a pediatrician. A teenager just needs to change his daily routine, get enough sleep and give his body more time to rest. But in older children there are many reasons for the appearance of blueness under the eyes.

Main methods of treatment

If a child under one year old has circles under the eyes, this is often a signal of internal pathologies of the body. In this situation, parents should immediately consult a doctor, take the necessary tests and begin a course of treatment. After eliminating the disease, bruises disappear and the baby’s complexion evens out.

The course of treatment includes:

• massotherapy;
• taking vitamin complexes;
• if necessary, immunostimulants are prescribed;
• if worms are found, means are prescribed to remove them;
• medications containing iron.

Antihelminthics:

• Vermox;
• Dekaris;
• Pyrantel;
• Albendazole.

Usually, the doctor tries not to prescribe antibiotics to small children, because this negatively affects the immune system. However, if an infection has been detected in the genitourinary system, then it is simply impossible to do without them.

You cannot expect the swelling to go away on its own - this may not happen. If you cannot identify the factors behind their occurrence on your own, you should consult a doctor.

Causes of bruises under the eyes in children

The main reasons for the appearance of circles under the eyes of a child:

1. Anemia. A common reason is when a child’s body lacks vitamins and iron, the baby’s appearance deteriorates. The face becomes pale, and the blood vessels are clearly visible through the thin layers of the skin. When there is insufficiency of iron in the body, the epidermis begins to dry out and the skin defect becomes more pronounced. The circles under the eyes become dark purple, almost black.
2. Allergy. It occurs on pets, plant pollen and food; reddish spots appear under the eyes, in the nasolabial folds, on the cheeks and wings of the nose. Contact your doctor and he will prescribe treatment for you.
3. Helminthiasis. In preschool age and among primary schoolchildren, there is a problem of worms. Worm infestation is accompanied by symptoms: bruises under the child’s eyes turn brownish, pain in the navel, teeth grinding at night, weight loss with increased or decreased appetite. The child has bruises under the eyes, has restless sleep, and becomes moody, lethargic, or overexcited.
4. Genetic factor. Why do children have bruises under their eyes? The blue color under the eyes can be noticeable from birth, the reason for this is thin skin, through which the capillaries are clearly visible. The blood vessels in some newborns are located close to the top layer of skin. The genes are not corrected and this phenomenon will remain in the child. You will need to contact a dermatologist so that he can prescribe a special composition for the care of delicate skin.
5. Vegetovascular dystonia. Causes the appearance of circles under the eyes and is accompanied by symptoms: headaches, dizziness, pale skin, intolerance to stuffiness, weakness and fatigue.
6. Sedentary lifestyle. This problem occurs mainly among schoolchildren. He spends a lot of time at school, then does homework and sits at the computer in his free time. There is no time left for walking and he receives less oxygen, the skin begins to thin and turn pale. After some time, bruises begin to appear under the eyes, the child looks tired, and begins to develop apathy and lethargy.
7. Overwork. This happens after the summer holidays for schoolchildren; blue circles appear under their eyes. For students, the beginning of the school year is stressful, and this does not depend on the child’s age and class; an adaptation period is still needed. Organize the correct daily routine, especially for a weak child; in addition to studies and extracurricular activities, he should have enough time for rest and entertainment.
8. Kidney problems. The disease is accompanied by the following symptoms: bruises appear under the child’s eyes, pain in the lumbar region, and often the need to go to the toilet. In the morning, there is swelling of the eyelids, and the urine sometimes becomes cloudy. With such problems, you need to contact a nephrologist; after an examination, he will prescribe medication and a special diet.
9. Injuries to the eyes, nose, head. During active games, children fall from horizontal bars, slides, and bicycles. Schoolchildren can get hit on the head with a ball while playing football; problems are not immediately identified if there are no wounds or blood loss. There may be bruising under the eyes, swelling, or a visible mark from the blow under one eye. You will need to visit a pediatric neurologist or traumatologist to rule out a concussion or a fracture of the nasal bones.
10. Chronic tonsillitis and immunodeficiency. Associated symptoms: yellow or white coating on the tongue, pain when swallowing, lump in the throat, frequent exacerbations of diseases, possible fever. It may occur after a recent infectious disease that weakens the immune system.

If your child suddenly feels ill, becomes pale, has chest pain , has bruises under his eyes and becomes weak, call an ambulance immediately. These symptoms occur with heart problems.

Bruises under the eyes of a baby

One of the reasons for negative symptoms is the appearance of dark circles under the eyes of a newborn. You need to contact your pediatrician for an examination. In the first weeks of life, such symptoms may occur due to weak immunity or imperfections in the digestive and urinary systems. To prevent bruises under your baby’s eyes, you need to take preventive measures:

Pathological causes

To eliminate the appearance of bruises and circles under the eyes, it is necessary to identify the root cause. It can be:

• endocrine system disorders,
• vegetative-vascular dystonia,
• kidney and liver disease.

Endocrine and hormonal disorders

Disturbances in the functioning of the thyroid gland, which can begin from birth, can only be determined after a detailed examination. Parents may be alert to the following signs in their baby:

• increased heart rate;
• frequent headaches;
• weakness and constant fatigue;
• purple circles.

The doctor, having studied the child’s medical history, his heredity, conducting the necessary tests and ultrasound, will be able to determine the exact cause of the disease.

Vegetovascular dystonia

When the blue under the eyes appears brightly on thin skin, it looks like your child has vegetative-vascular dystonia, the most common cause of circles. It is characterized by the following symptoms:

• dry and pale skin;
• dizziness;
• arrhythmia;
• feeling of lack of air;
• weakness.

Dystonia can appear at any age, even in a one-year-old child. Parents should closely monitor the development of their child, get proper rest, carry out restorative procedures and need more air, vitamins, and fruits.

Kidney and liver diseases

If dark circles under the child’s eyes are combined with swelling of the eyelids and swelling of the legs and arms, then parents should be wary and undergo examination to detect problems with the kidneys. If there are problems with the genitourinary system, brown circles appear under the eyes. Signs of diseases:

• temperature;
• pain in the lumbar region;
• problems with urination.

A yellowish tint under the eyes is characteristic of liver disorders, and in order to prevent the development of complications, accurate and timely diagnosis is important. Watch out for these symptoms:

• nausea, vomiting with bile;
• bitterness in the mouth;
• dark urine;
• poor appetite;
• yellowness of the skin.

Treatment methods

1. Fighting worms . Why does my child have bruises under his eyes? If a child has parasites in the intestines, it is necessary to carry out antihelminthic therapy and change his diet. Pharmacies sell effective anti-worm medications: Albendazole, Dekaris, Medamin, Mintezol. Together with them you need to take vitamins and sorbents: Enterosgel and activated carbon. As well as drugs to normalize the intestinal microflora “Bifidumbacterin”, “Linex”.
2. Daytime sleep . After lunch, a preschooler needs to organize a nap hour, because the growing body cannot withstand the stress.
3. Maintain the intake of vitamins and iron into the body. The child is growing rapidly and his body needs constant replenishment of iron. If this does not happen, he begins to develop anemia. With a lack of vitamins, the condition of the immune system worsens. Include raisins, dried apricots, black currants, leafy greens and rosehip decoction in your child’s diet. To prevent anemia from developing, the child needs to eat more rye bread, bran, chicken yolks, buckwheat and liver. Fresh vegetables and fruits, fermented milk products, vegetable soups and boiled beef are very healthy.
4. Lotions for bruises . Why do children have bruises under their eyes? To remove dark circles under the eyes and puffiness of the eyelids, apply a lotion of green tea or chamomile infusion.
5. Walks should be every day, at least two hours. A sufficient amount of oxygen will enter the body, the operation of all systems will be normalized and will provide energy to the growing body.
6. Eliminate congestion . After school, the child must first rest; he must attend no more than two sections or clubs up to five days a week.

The causes of dark circles under the eyes vary, and if dark circles are accompanied by various symptoms , seek help from a specialist. In the initial stages, it is easier and faster to cure the disease than to treat advanced pathology. Try to teach children to alternate stress (physical and mental) with rest. If you follow all the recommendations, your child will be healthy and vigorous.

One of the common reasons for visiting a pediatrician is the presence of “shadows” or bruises under the eyes of a baby. But why do bruises appear under a child’s eyes? What is the mechanism of their formation? Are their causes always harmless? How can one diagnose diseases that became the basis for their appearance? What diseases need to be differentiated from them? Is it possible to take preventive measures to prevent them and how can you get rid of them? These questions concern many parents.

Proper care

Dark, almost black swelling under the eyes of a small child appears under the influence of various factors. However, it doesn’t matter what they are - this disease spoils the baby’s face, regardless of his age. Then parents resort to a variety of methods to disguise the bruises.

There are proven rules of care, if followed, the result will not be long in coming. Of course, the bruises will not go away completely, but they will become less noticeable.

1. Be sure to consult a doctor and undergo the necessary tests.
2. If the baby is not allergic to chamomile, lotions are useful. Take tea bags, brew them and apply to the swollen area. With regular repetition of the procedure, the baby’s face becomes noticeably fresher.
3. Watch what your child eats. The diet must include liver, fresh fruits and vegetables, meat, and first courses. Beware of carbonated drinks and junk food (fast food).
4. Adequate sleep is the key to the health of a small child: you need to sleep not only at night, but also during the day.
5. Make sure he drinks enough fluids. 2 hours before bedtime, the amount of water you drink should be reduced.

Now you know what to do if your baby has dark circles under his eyes. The main thing is to eliminate the root cause, while simultaneously providing proper care.

Harmless causes, or Bruises in healthy children

Factors contributing to their development can be divided into several groups:

• harmless (genetic predisposition, heredity, fatigue);
• diseases with shadows under the eyes (anemia, impaired functioning of the kidneys, liver, etc.);
• emergency conditions.

Genetic predisposition

The baby inherits from its parents not only sexual characteristics and appearance, but also individual structural features of the skin. So, if mom or dad have blood vessels located close to the surface of the skin, then, most likely, the baby will inherit this feature.

Carrying out special therapeutic manipulations in such cases is not required, since the cause of their occurrence is genetics, and you can’t really argue with it. Such children need to maintain a sleep-wake schedule, proper nutrition, exercise, and the prescription of general health-improving medications (vitamins, etc.).

Fatigue

Bruises under a child’s eyes can also appear due to fatigue.

In the modern world, parents try to keep their children occupied and interested as much as possible. Numerous sections, stress at school, disruption of sleep and rest patterns, prolonged viewing of TV and computer, and a bunch of other factors contribute to their development. This occurs because the skin becomes thinner and the vascular network begins to show through, which looks like shadows under the eyes.

For such children it is recommended:

• normalize sleep and wakefulness;
• take long walks in the fresh air;
• Let your baby watch TV and computers less;
• If the child is very busy, parents should reduce the number of sections attended.

Eating disorder

A child may also develop bruises under his eyes for this reason.

About “painful” reasons

Sometimes only medical examinations will help to understand why a child has bruises under his eyes. Blueness on the face occurs as a symptom of serious internal damage and dysfunction of organs.

Soft tissue injuries

While running around on the street, arguing with friends, or through carelessness, guys often get black eyes . Capillaries located near the skin wall are damaged and local hemorrhage occurs. But don’t think that your baby can’t get injured at home. Inquisitive craftsmen climb on furniture, open cabinets, take toys from the bottom of the basket and in the process receive direct injuries to the face, often in the eye area. These injuries are characterized by concomitant swelling, sometimes excessive lacrimation.

In case of a fracture or severe bruise of the nose, distinct blue marks also appear under the eyes. Even if the boy got into a fight and didn’t confess, the bruises would give him away. Lightly touch the baby’s nose; if this is the problem, immediately take him to a traumatologist.

If there is a fall or a strong blow to the abdomen , there is a risk of internal bleeding. Paleness of the face and blueness around the eyes are not key, but rather complementary symptoms. Examine the child, have you noticed a hematoma? Perhaps the incident occurred last evening, and the baby was afraid to talk about what happened.

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Weakened immunity

During illness, the level of hemoglobin in the body drops. To remove traces of the disease, do not rush to close your sick leave:

• leave the child at home for another 2-3 days after symptoms disappear;
• increase your daily intake of fruits and vegetables;
• Provide fresh air circulation in the room.

Diseases of the urinary system

When the kidneys are inflamed, do not cope with their work, and develop incorrectly, then swelling and brown-yellow circles appear on the child’s face. The disease is also accompanied by a number of other symptoms:

• frequent trips to the toilet;
• urine color is darker than usual;
• heat.

Iron-deficiency anemia

The problem arises as a result of the lack of the necessary supply of iron in the body, which leads to a drop in the level of hemoglobin in the blood. Anemia negatively affects the immune system, cardiovascular system and negatively affects the psycho-emotional state of the child. Prerequisites for the disease may be the following:

• food allergies;
• intestinal poisoning;
• frequent bleeding.

This video explains why iron is necessary for a child.

Oncological diseases

Sometimes blue under the eyes of a child, weight loss, sharply decreased appetite and apathy are reasons to consult an oncologist. There are two conditions for such conclusions: genetic predisposition and doctor’s recommendations. If at least one of these components is missing, do not rush to panic, because under-eye spots are only a minor symptom that rarely occurs in the early stages of cancer.

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Worms and other parasites

The cause of bruises under the eyes is exhaustion of the body due to infection with parasites. Symptoms accompanying the disease:

• poor appetite;
• frequent nausea;
• unreasonable vomiting;
• abdominal pain;
• itching in the perineum.

Diseases of the heart and blood vessels

The child's weakness and constant painful appearance may be associated with chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system. Together with dark blue circles under the eyes, in this case the following is observed:

• shortness of breath;
• chest pain;
• arrhythmia;
• cyanosis in the mouth.

Diseases with dark circles under the eyes

The reasons for their development are not always so harmless. Sometimes they can hide serious illnesses that can threaten the life and health of your baby.

Anemia

Parents often have to deal with this pathology, especially those children who belong to the category of “little children.” Since a lack of hemoglobin can manifest itself in the form of dark circles under the eyes. These changes occur due to changes in the structure of the skin.

It poses a particular danger in infancy, as it can contribute to developmental delays. To identify these changes, a general blood test is taken repeatedly in children under one year of age. But in cases where the baby has bruises under the eyes, and there are no changes in the blood test, it is recommended to donate blood again after one to two months, since the body is able to replenish the lack of iron from its reserves.

Associated symptoms of this pathology may be weakness, headache, fatigue, fainting, loss of appetite, and dizziness.

If necessary, the doctor may prescribe iron supplements and include foods high in iron in the diet. These include: buckwheat, liver, apples, pomegranates, etc.

Kidney dysfunction

Dysfunction in the urinary system and kidney disease (for example, chronic renal failure) also contribute to the development of periorbital shadows. In most cases, their occurrence occurs in the morning. At the same time, the skin of the face becomes more edematous or “puffy.” If pathology is not detected in a timely manner or complications occur, the color of urine may change, blood pressure may increase, and dysuria may occur.

Allergic conditions

An allergic reaction in a baby to any allergen can also contribute to the appearance of shadows in this area of ​​the face. In this case, it is necessary to first eliminate this factor and prescribe antihistamines to the child.

Vascular diseases

Pathology of the cardiovascular system can also cause these changes. They arise because the disrupted functioning of the endocardium and myocardium contributes to blood retention in the blood vessels, and since the skin in this area of ​​the face is thin, they look like shadows. They often appear in the evening and are absent in the morning.

Helminths

Parasites in babies can provoke the appearance of periorbital shadows. This is due to the fact that they contribute to poor absorption of vitamins and nutrients in the child’s body, and in addition, helminths secrete toxins (their waste products). Additional symptoms in this case will be pain in the umbilical area, bloating, increased or decreased appetite, and weakness.

Adenoid vegetations

Often the cause of this pathology in children is adenoids (proliferation of lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx). As a result of these changes, the nasal passages are blocked and it is difficult for the baby to breathe. This factor contributes to brain hypoxia, thinning of the skin around the eyes and the appearance of shadows in the periorbital area.

Liver diseases

Periorbital shadows are a consequence of intoxication manifestations or fatty damage to this organ.

Treatment

Since the causes of the disease vary, there is no symptomatic treatment. It is necessary to eliminate the cause of circles under the child’s eyes. Therapy tactics involve using methods to treat diseases identified in the process of determining the cause of circles under the eyes of a child.

Self-treatment of diseases that cause circles is not allowed. You need to consult a therapist and a specialized specialist, identify the causative agents of the disease and develop a treatment regimen. If the reason is a lack of vitamins in the body, the child is prescribed multivitamin preparations or preparations of certain vitamins. If a helminthic infestation is detected, you cannot do without anthelmintic drugs, and you must also strictly adhere to all sanitary and hygienic measures, which the attending physician should tell you about.

Emergency conditions

This sign is very important when diagnosing emergency conditions. Shadows in the periorbital area can occur due to head injuries, intoxication, etc.

Head injuries

In most cases, the cause of their appearance is a fracture of the nasal bone or a bruise in this area of ​​the face. The reason for their occurrence is hemorrhage in this area.

Intoxication

It can be: medication, food, alcohol, nicotine or household (by ingesting chemicals, inhaling glue, varnish, paints).

Diagnostics and differential diagnostics

A diagnosis is made after identifying the cause that contributes to their appearance and conducting an examination.

Diagnosis is carried out using:

• general blood test;
• general urinalysis;
• examination of stool for worm eggs and scrapings for enterobiasis;
• biochemical blood test;
• ultrasound examination (ultrasound) of the abdominal organs, heart, urinary system (if necessary);
• chest x-ray (if indicated);
• consultations with a nephrologist, cardiologist, gastroenterologist, hematologist, otorhinolaryngologist (if necessary).

Elimination of bruises under the eyes in children

In order to eliminate them, it is important to know why they occurred. After this, first of all, etiological therapy (that is, affecting the cause) is prescribed.

Prevention

Preventive measures include prescribing:

• normalization of sleep and wakefulness;
• walks in the fresh air;
• proper nutrition;
• timely completion of medical examinations;
• playing sports or physical education;
• complex of vitamins and microelements in the autumn-spring period.